Juxtaposition

Juxtaposition: is the placement of two things (usually abstract concepts, though it can refer to physical objects) near each other. 斜接, 并排,并置,并列
In literature and film, juxtaposition is the arrangement of two opposing ideas, characters, objects, etc. side-by-side or in similar narratives for effect. Lost often uses juxtaposition to further develop the storyline or characters - it is applied variously to opposing emotions, abstract concepts, character traits/values, or images. 
电影批评用语，指将一种或数种电影元素排列在一起，使其产生某种戏剧效果。例如一个镜头中视觉与听觉元素的并列，个别镜头之间的蒙太奇组合、时间元素的并列，不同色彩、声音、音乐元素的并列等等。如在《教父继集》（1975）中，在时间上差五十年的前后两代教父的故事穿插在一起，这是时间元素并列的例子。 

Juxtaposition Examples in Literature

Shakespeare's works have a great variety of juxtaposition examples, but Romeo and Juliet would be the best representation of how contrasts stand side by side to emphasize the antithesis of the play.

Some examples of juxtaposition are:

• the young and the old;
• peasents and aristocrats;
• romantic Romeo and blazing Tybalt;
• the quiet whispers of lovers and the loud sounds of the crowds;

Other example of juxtaposition would be John Milton's "Paradise Lost" where it's accentuated the relation between good and evil, God and Satan.

Dostoevsky's "Crime and Punishment" is also loaded with juxtaposition examples:

• main character Raskolnikov commits murder, although he's presented like a good person, with lots of qualities;
• he feels guilty all throughout the novel, but still he wouldn't give himself up;
• he falls in love with a prostitute, that's also presented like a geniune virgin;

Other examples of juxtapositions:

"A child asks his father:
- Father which is right arm?His father responds:
- To know where your right arm is, you must first find out where your left one is, because there is no left without right, up without down, no joy without sorrow, no hill without valley, day without night and no beginning without any end. "

"Forget to remember or remember to forget."

"Building false theories from clever juxtaposition of several half-truths."

The simple positioning of two words or syntactic constructions, without any connectors:

"Johnny, my brother, we're leaving tomorrow!"

"Kill me, I still won't tell!"

"You try it, you buy it!"

Example of Juxtaposition

 a good exmple of Juxtaposition because the painting show a strong contrast of race, level, fate and so on.

another example of juxtaposition. A tank and a toy bike. 

old style building vs the factory, development and the culture contrast. 

this is a two CD cover combination of a famous male singer, Tanni at the top part and a semi-naked female at the middle part. Once this two images combined, it shows a full length of a human from the head to the leg. But when we take a look closer to it, it gives us an impression that it looks like an bisexual human being. This is because when this two images is juxtaposed, it shows another meaning to us. 

rather amusing, don't you think? It makes you think about just how the legs hang there. A bit of irony.

this is another combination of two objects that is not related at all but when it comes to juxtaposition, the both objects has something related to each other. For example, the barrel contains toxic waste in it so means it is dangerous and very poisonous and the same time the sign board beside it shows that the beach is closed and avoid any water contact. So when the two objects is placed together, it brings meaning that the water level at the beach is polluted by the toxic waste caused by irresponsible people using the toxic waste barrels, therefore a sign is located along the beach telling us the beach is closed due to it.